The archaeological complex housed in the Stadio delle Terme, located at Terme Antoniane, was virtually ignored, despite the ruins preserved on the site and their identification with the Domus Parthorum, mentioned in the Cataloghi Regionali during the Costantinian age in the Regio XII.
When the Sovraintendenza Comunale recently excavated and restored it, the A recent excavation and restoration by the Sovraintendenza Comunale a part of the building stages of the complex was revealed. A large nymphaeum, almost 30 m long, was first built. It had three lines of niches that flanked a central niche. A large rectangular room also appeared with a curved short back side.
These structures were probably dated together with great works carried out when the valley between Celio and the Piccolo Aventino was being adjusted during the Severian age.
The whole complex was intended for public purposes although it is not easy to identify its features and functions.
Dated from the later part of the 3rd C. A.D. a round hall was added with a hole in the middle, a barrel-vaulted room with a light coming from the top of the ceiling and a staircase with helicoids connecting the ground floor of the complex with the upper part of the Piccolo Aventino.
The structures indicate that the site was probably used as private hot baths belonging to an aristocratic residence in the area or as public baths.
The third building phase, as indicated in the area, was an apsidal room, perhaps a hall, planned like a basilica. The very regular spiral-type of architecture seems related to the 4th century.
The type of building recalls the main hall of the aristocratic residences of the late antique period. If this was true, it confirms that the area was used for private purposes to build a residence.
The excavations have revealed traces of a fire on the site, which probably occurred during the first decades of the fifth century and led to the destruction and the abandon of the complex. The only exception, the large basilica room, shows signs of restoration and changes, which imply that it continued to exist, separate from the complex.
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Rione XXI - S. Saba
Regio XII - Piscina Pubblica |  |
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